Population:

167,762,040 (July 2008 est.)

Age structure:

0-14 years: 36.3% (male 31,316,803/female 29,567,622)
15-64 years: 59.4% (male 51,000,863/female 48,648,480)
65 years and over: 4.3% (male 3,409,246/female 3,819,026) (2008 est.)

Median age:

total: 21.2 years
male: 21 years
female: 21.4 years (2008 est.)

Population growth rate:

1.805% (2008 est.)

Birth rate:

26.93 births/1,000 population (2008 est.)

Death rate:

7.83 deaths/1,000 population (2008 est.)

Net migration rate:

-1.05 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2008 est.)

Sex ratio:

at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female
under 15 years: 1.06 male(s)/female
15-64 years: 1.05 male(s)/female
65 years and over: 0.89 male(s)/female
total population: 1.05 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Infant mortality rate:

total: 66.95 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 67.05 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 66.85 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Life expectancy at birth:

total population: 64.13 years
male: 63.07 years
female: 65.24 years (2008 est.)

Total fertility rate:

3.58 children born/woman (2008 est.)

HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate:

0.1% (2001 est.)

HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS:

74,000 (2001 est.)

HIV/AIDS - deaths:

4,900 (2003 est.)

Major infectious diseases:

degree of risk: high
food or waterborne diseases: bacterial diarrhea, hepatitis A and E, and typhoid fever
vectorborne diseases: dengue fever and malaria
animal contact disease: rabies
note: highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza has been identified in this country; it poses a negligible risk with extremely rare cases possible among US citizens who have close contact with birds (2008)

Nationality:

noun: Pakistani(s)
adjective: Pakistani

Ethnic groups:

Punjabi, Sindhi, Pashtun (Pathan), Baloch, Muhajir (immigrants from India at the time of partition and their descendants)

Religions:

Muslim 97% (Sunni 77%, Shi'a 20%), other (includes Christian and Hindu) 3%

Languages:

Punjabi 48%, Sindhi 12%, Siraiki (a Punjabi variant) 10%, Pashtu 8%, Urdu (official) 8%, Balochi 3%, Hindko 2%, Brahui 1%, English (official; lingua franca of Pakistani elite and most government ministries), Burushaski and other 8%

Literacy:

definition: age 15 and over can read and write
total population: 49.9%
male: 63%
female: 36% (2005 est.)